Lophophoracactus williamsii Cactus House Plant in 8.5cm Pot

Lophophora williamsii, commonly known as "Peyote," is a slow-growing, spineless cactus native to the desert regions of Mexico and southern Texas. Renowned for its cultural and historical significance, it is often admired for its unique, understated beauty and its ability to thrive in harsh environments.

• Growth Habit: This cactus has a small, globular shape with a flattened top. It typically grows to a diameter of 2–10 cm (1–4 inches).
• Ribs: The body is divided into soft, rounded ribs, giving it a smooth, sculptural appearance.
• Colour: The skin is typically a pale bluish-green or grey-green.
• Spines: Unlike most cacti, it is spineless, but it does have small woolly tufts at its areoles.
• Flowers: During its active growing season, it produces small, funnel-shaped flowers in shades of white, pink, or pale yellow, which bloom near the centre of the plant.
• Fruit: After flowering, it may develop small, pink fruit containing tiny black seeds.
• Cultural Significance: Traditionally used in spiritual and medicinal practices, Peyote is protected in some regions and may require permits to grow legally.

Care Guide

Light Requirements

• Optimal Light: Lophophora williamsii thrives in bright, indirect sunlight or partial shade. Outdoors, it prefers a spot with morning sun and afternoon shade to avoid sunburn.
• Indoors: Place near a south- or east-facing window. If natural light is insufficient, supplement with a grow light.

Temperature and Humidity

• Temperature: Ideal temperatures range between 20–30°C (68–86°F) during the growing season. It is cold-tolerant to around -5°C (23°F) if kept completely dry.
• Humidity: Low humidity is crucial for its health. Avoid placing the cactus in humid areas such as kitchens or bathrooms.

Watering

• Frequency: Water sparingly. During the active growing season (spring and summer), water every 2–4 weeks, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings.
• Dormant Period: In autumn and winter, water once a month or not at all if the plant is kept in cool conditions.
• Method: Use the "soak and dry" method, ensuring no water pools at the base of the cactus.

Soil and Potting

• Soil: Use a fast-draining cactus or succulent mix. A mix of sand, pumice, and loam works well to mimic its natural environment.
• Pot: A shallow pot with drainage holes is ideal, as its roots are shallow and prone to rot in waterlogged soil. Terracotta pots are a good choice for their breathability.

Fertilisation

• Type: Use a low-nitrogen cactus fertiliser, such as 5-10-10, diluted to half strength.
• Frequency: Fertilise once a month during the growing season. Avoid fertilising during the dormant period.

Propagation

• Seeds: Propagation is primarily through seeds, as the cactus rarely produces offsets.
  • Sow seeds on the surface of a well-draining soil mix and keep them moist but not waterlogged.
  • Place in a warm, bright location (20–30°C or 68–86°F) and cover with a clear lid or plastic to retain humidity. Germination can take several weeks.
• Grafting: It can also be grafted onto faster-growing cacti like Trichocereus species to speed up growth.

Pests and Diseases

• Pests: Watch for mealybugs, spider mites, and scale insects. Treat infestations with neem oil or insecticidal soap.
• Diseases: Root rot is the most common issue and is usually caused by overwatering. Always ensure the soil is completely dry before watering.

Repotting

• Frequency: Repot every 3–4 years, as it is a slow grower. Repotting provides an opportunity to refresh the soil and inspect the roots.
• Timing: Repot in early spring, just before the growing season.

Common Issues

1. Sunburn: Prolonged exposure to direct, intense sunlight can cause discolouration or scarring. Gradually acclimate the cactus to brighter conditions if necessary.
2. Overwatering: Overwatering can lead to root rot, the most common cause of death. Err on the side of underwatering.
3. Pest Infestations: Inspect regularly for pests, especially on the woolly areoles where they may hide.

Legal Considerations

Due to its traditional and psychoactive uses, Lophophora williamsii is protected in many countries. Cultivation may be restricted or require special permits. Check your local laws before growing this species.

Summary

With its understated elegance and slow-growing nature, Lophophora williamsii is a prized addition to any cactus enthusiast’s collection. Its minimal care requirements and fascinating history make it a unique and rewarding plant to cultivate.